Learning from the whole spectrum of driver behaviour: from unsafe to optimal driving
for a brighter
tomorrow

AI for Road User Assistance
Research at a glance
My research focuses on understanding road safety as a spectrum, rather than a binary state of safe or unsafe driving. Using naturalistic driving data, I analyse how drivers adapt to different road environments, traffic conditions, and other road users, with the aim of identifying patterns of safe, unsafe, and optimal driving behaviour. The ultimate goal is to derive insights that can support the design of safer and more adaptive transport systems, including applications for advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS).
Research objectives
- Understand and learn from safety as a spectrum, based on the Safety-II concept.
- Identify optimal driving behaviours in different environments and contexts.
- Analyse the contributing factors and collective impact on the safety of different driver behaviours.
- Derive insights for ADAS applications and real-world safety interventions.
Research progress
I am currently working with large-scale naturalistic driving datasets to identify and analyse driver adaptation patterns, with a focus on car-following behaviour. My work includes the development of a methodology to detect adaptation episodes based on relative velocity dynamics, and the application of data-driven methods such as DTW-based clustering to uncover temporal behaviour patterns. These analyses provide insights into how drivers adapt to different traffic situations and what characterises safe, unsafe, and optimal driving.
Publications
| Title | Authors | Venue | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Driver Adaptation Patterns in Car-Following: A Preliminary Safety-II Analysis | Pashaee, M., Papadimitriou, E., Tejada Ruiz, A., van Gelder, P. | RSS | 2026 | ↗ |
| Speed Adaptation Patterns: A Safety-II Perspective on Naturalistic Driving Data | Pashaee, M., Papadimitriou, E., van Gelder, P. | TRA | 2026 | ↗ |
Conference contributions
| Title | Conference | Date | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Driver Adaptation Patterns in Car-Following: A Preliminary Safety-II Analysis | RSS 2026 Naples, Italy | Jun 2026 | ↗ |
| Speed Adaptation Patterns: A Safety-II Perspective on Naturalistic Driving Data | TRA 2026 Budapest, Hungary | May 2026 | ↗ |
Secondments & collaborations
| Host organisation | Period | Purpose | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAB (France) | Sep – Nov 2026 | Case study related to ADAS from vehicle industry perspective | Upcoming |
| TNO (Netherlands) | Mar – May 2026 | Review and exploit synergies with existing TNO work on optimal driving | Completed |